Ziyarar lafiyar ku ta yau da kullun ta haɗa da tuƙi zuwa asibiti ko ofis, cike wasu takardu, da jiran wani ya kira ku lokacin da mai bada sabis ya shirya muku.
Bayan haka, cutar coronavirus.Nan da nan, mutane da yawa suna halartar alƙawura ta kwamfuta ko ta wayar tarho, kuma telemedicine ya zama sunan gida.
Kodayake alƙawuran telemedicine shekaru da yawa sun wuce, har yanzu suna kan iyakar tsarin kiwon lafiya.Bayan barkewar cutar ta sa ba a iya ba da sabis na likita kamar da, telemedicine ya zama dole, kuma shingen biyan kuɗi, fasaha, da lasisi sun fara raguwa.Wasu tsarin kiwon lafiya dole ne su canza daga ƙananan aiwatar da telemedicine zuwa 100% gamuwa ta yau da kullun.Ba da daɗewa ba mara lafiya ya fara ganin likita a gida.Ko da a cikin yanayin asibiti, suna ƙara yin hulɗa tare da masu ba da lafiya ta iPad.Harlan Krumholz, farfesa a fannin likitanci a Makarantar Magunguna ta Jami'ar Yale, ya ce sabbin abubuwan da suka faru a cikin telemedicine "ba za su iya tunanin yawancin mutane ba."
Kafin barkewar cutar, masu ba da lafiya sun fahimci cewa telemedicine ba makawa ne.Duk da haka, saboda dalilai daban-daban, ciki har da tsarin biyan kuɗi, al'ada da abubuwan da ake so na marasa lafiya, tsarin asibiti ya kasa fitar da kansa.A baya can, yawancin telemedicine an yi ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa na tsarin kiwon lafiya da kuma dakunan shan magani da ake kira samfurin "hub", wanda masana ("hubs") za su samar da ƙananan cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya da asibitoci ("masu magana") shawarwari na gaskiya..Misali, majiyyaci na iya zuwa cibiyar kula da lafiyar al'umma don ganin likitan mahaukata mai nisa daruruwa.A cikin bala'in cutar, wannan ƙirar an maye gurbinsa da wani tsari na kai tsaye zuwa mabukaci, amma a cikin yankunan da ke da iyakacin bandwidth na Intanet (mutane na iya buƙatar zuwa asibitocin al'umma) da wurare masu nisa waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙarin kayan aiki na musamman Sai dai a cikin likitanci. filin, misali ga marasa lafiya waɗanda ke buƙatar tantancewa don bugun jini ko cututtukan zuciya.
Ga mamakin mutane da yawa, wannan babban sauye-sauye zuwa telemedicine da samun damar taron taron bidiyo yana aiki da kyau.Ƙungiyoyin kula da kiwon lafiya sun sami damar ba da lafiya kuma za a iya cewa sun fi dacewa da kulawa mai tsada ga marasa lafiya a gida.Wannan kuma yana nufin ƙarin damar yin aiki daga gida, yana amfana da ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya da yawa (misali, iyaye masu yara).Bugu da ƙari, mai bada sabis na iya ganin cikin gidan majiyyaci, wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen fahimtar rayuwar majiyyaci.
Lauren Eberly, mai bincike na asibiti a likitancin zuciya a Makarantar Medicine na Perelman a Jami'ar Pennsylvania, ya ba da misali a lokacin ziyarar telemedicine lokacin da majinyata ke magana game da maganinta.Lokacin da Eberly ta tambaya game da shan wani magani, majinyacin ya ɗauka cewa tana sha - amma sai ta nuna wa Eberly kaset ɗin magungunanta, wanda ba ya ɗauke da takardar sayan magani.Majinyacin ta dauka cewa tana da dukkan magungunan da take bukata, amma a gaskiya ta rasa magani guda, wanda zai iya haifar da mummunan sakamako.
David Bates, darektan magungunan cikin gida a Brigham da Asibitin Mata kuma farfesa a kan manufofin kiwon lafiya da gudanarwa a Jami'ar Harvard ya ce "A hanyoyi da yawa, [amfani da telemedicine] zai kasance ɗayan ingantattun abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar.Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Chen Chen.
Tsarin telemedicine mai ƙarfi, na dindindin zai iya rage cunkoso a cikin asibiti, yana ba da damar ƙarin marasa lafiya su sami kulawa a gida da wajen asibiti.Wannan na iya taimakawa Bates ya yi hasashen cewa a nan gaba, za a iya kafa ƙarin gadaje na asibiti, don haka za su iya zama rukunin kulawa mai zurfi ko rukunin kulawa na gaba ɗaya maimakon ɗaya ko fiye.Ta wannan hanyar, asibitoci za su iya "farantawa" a lokutan buƙatu masu yawa, kamar yadda asibitocin California suka fuskanta yayin bala'in.
Koyaya, saurin haɓakar telemedicine ba cikakke bane.Dukansu masu samarwa da marasa lafiya suna buƙatar saurin sanin sabon dandalin fasaha, kuma yana da wahala mutane su sarrafa damar bidiyo, gano yadda ake amfani da aikace-aikacen taron taron bidiyo ko kiyaye ingantaccen haɗin Intanet.Masu bayarwa na iya rasa alamomin da ba na magana ba da wasu sassa na dabara na ziyarar haƙuri, ko kuma kasa nuna tausayawa ta hanyoyin fuska da fuska na al'ada, kamar samar da hannaye masu ta'aziyya.Wasu dandamali ba su da mafi kyawun matakan tsaro.Bugu da ƙari, idan majiyyaci yana buƙatar yin wasu gwaje-gwaje, ba za a iya gudanar da su a wurin ba.
A faɗaɗa magana, cutar ta ba da gwaji ga tsarin kiwon lafiya da yawa don ɗaukar telemedicine a ko'ina.Koyaya, kamar kowane sigar beta, ingantaccen sigar.Domin telemedicine ya kai ga cikakkiyar damarsa, zai buƙaci mafi kyawun nau'ikan sa hannu na haƙuri, kamar sa ido mai nisa, alal misali, hanyar da mutane za su sami hawan jini da sauran alamu masu mahimmanci a gida.Masu ba da lafiya har yanzu suna koyon ko da ƙananan abubuwa, kamar rashin haɗuwa kamar yadda aka saba yayin ziyarar gani da ido.Za a ci gaba da inganta dandalin telemedicine ta fuskar amfani, sirri da tsaro.
Domin maganin telemedicine ya kai ga ƙarfinsa, muna kuma buƙatar kula da wanda za a bar a baya.Wayoyi masu wayo na iya taimakawa wajen daidaita rarrabuwar kawuna na dijital, amma ga ƙungiyoyi da yawa, koyaushe akwai shinge don samun damar yin amfani da fasaha.Misali, mutanen da suka fito daga ’yan tsiraru ana siffanta su da ƙananan ƙimar karɓuwa ta hanyar sadarwa da ƙarancin kwamfuta da ƙimar amfani da Intanet.Tsofaffi marasa lafiya na iya samun layin ƙasa kawai kuma ba za su iya samun damar bidiyo ba.
Wani bincike na baya-bayan nan game da marasa lafiya waɗanda ke shirin yin ziyarar telemedicine a cikin ƴan watannin farko na cutar sankara na coronavirus ya nuna cewa akwai manyan rashin daidaito a cikin amfani da telemedicine.Gabaɗaya, amfani da telemedicine (ciki har da tarho da bidiyo) ya ragu a tsakanin tsofaffi, Asiya ko marasa jin Turanci.Hakazalika, tsofaffi, mace, baƙar fata ko Latino, mutanen da ke da ƙananan matsayi na zamantakewa suna amfani da damar bidiyo da yawa akai-akai.
"Muna gina sabon tsarin maganin telemedicine, wanda ke ba mu damar magance matsalar," in ji Eberly."Lokacin aiwatar da shi, ko fasaha ce ko ƙarin ƙira, dole ne mu yi amfani da tsari don mu ci gaba da kimanta rashin daidaiton tsarin a cikin telemedicine."
Telemedicine zai buƙaci ƙarin saka hannun jari.Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Mercy, babbar cibiyar kula da lafiya, ta kasance jagora wajen taimakawa ƙungiyoyi suyi la'akari da kulawa ta zahiri.A cewar Bates, Mercy tana kashe kusan kashi 5% na kudaden shigarta akan telemedicine, wanda ya fi yadda sauran tsare-tsaren asibitoci ke kashewa akan telemedicine (kimanin 0.1% zuwa 0.2% na kudaden shiga).
Bates ya ce: "Muna saka hannun jari sosai a cikin (telemedicine).""Za a yi canje-canje a nan gaba, amma zai ɗauki ɗan lokaci."
Haɓaka magungunan telemedicine kuma yana buƙatar manufofin dogon lokaci da gyare-gyaren tsari.Kafin cutar ta kwalara, duk da cewa an aiwatar da telemedicine yadda ya kamata a fannonin ƙwararru da yawa, kusan ba a sami biyan kuɗin da ake kashewa na telemedicine.Bayan an ayyana cutar a matsayin gaggawa ta lafiyar jama'a, kamfanonin inshora, da Medicare da Medicaid, sun ba da faɗaɗa ɗaukar hoto na telemedicine.Majalisa, gwamnatin tarayya da gwamnatocin jihohi suma sun sassauta sirrin mara lafiya da ka'idojin telemedicine.Sai dai galibin wadannan gyare-gyaren an yi su ne na wani dan lokaci a yayin da jama'a ke cikin mawuyacin hali, kuma duk da cewa cutar ba ta kare ba, tuni ta fara komawa baya.
Mahimmanci, ƙimar biyan kuɗi na kowane nau'ikan kiwon lafiya (fuska da fuska, bidiyo da waya) yakamata su kasance iri ɗaya, ba kawai na ɗan lokaci ba.Idan ba tare da wannan daidaito ba, masu ba da sabis na telemedicine (kamar ziyarar tarho ga mutanen da aka ware) za a hukunta su sosai saboda farashin biyan su ya yi ƙasa.Duk da haka, akwai wasu dalilai na kyakkyawan fata.Misali, tare da goyon bayan bangarorin biyu, Dokar Kariyar Telemedicine ta 2021 bayan COVID-19 da Dokar Zamanta ta Telemedicine na 2021 an gabatar da su ga Majalisa kwanan nan.Kwanan nan gwamnan Massachusetts, Charlie Baker, ya sanya hannu kan wata doka ta sake fasalin kiwon lafiya, wanda ke buƙatar cewa farashin ziyarar ta hanyar sadarwar telemedicine ya kamata ya kasance daidai da farashin ziyarar ido-da-ido na tsawon shekaru biyu.Idan ba tare da waɗannan ƙa'idodin ba, za a sami aƙalla ɗaukar hoto na telemedicine guda ɗaya a cikin ƙasar.Amma masu ruwa da tsaki ba sa son gudanar da ziyarar ta wayar tarho ba tare da bayar da kima ga marasa lafiya ba.
"Mutane za su nemi lissafi," in ji Krumholz.Ya kuma nuna cewa tun da majiyyata kamar telemedicine sukan ziyarci likita, kamfanonin inshora za su ci gaba da yin matsin lamba na telemedicine.
Joseph Kvedar, farfesa a fannin ilimin fata a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Harvard kuma shugaban kungiyar Telemedicine ta Amurka, ya ce tsarin biyan kuɗi mai sauƙi yana da mahimmanci kamar biyan kuɗi.Idan yana da rikitarwa, kamfanin inshora na iya yin watsi da lissafin wani lokaci, ko kuma majiyyaci na iya karɓar lissafin da ba a zata ba.
Baya ga tsarin biyan kuɗi, akwai wasu wuraren manufofin da ke buƙatar sabuntawa.Misali, akwai wasu hane-hane kan samun dama ga marasa lafiya a fadin jihohi ta hanyar telemedicine.Ko da yake wannan ƙuntatawa yana da ma'ana don ziyarar farko, yana iya zama dole a sassauta buƙatun don izini na jiha ta yadda za a iya aiwatar da bibiya da kyau sosai.Ana kuma buƙatar sabis na faɗaɗa gabaɗaya.
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan tambayoyin da ke motsa telemedicine shine: Yaushe yana da ma'ana ga masu samarwa don ganin marasa lafiya a cikin mutum maimakon a bidiyo?Dangane da buƙatun majiyyaci, wasu wurare kamar ilimin tabin hankali na iya zama masu dacewa da bin diddigin kama-da-wane.Koyaya, saboda buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman, wasu mutane (misali, ganin likita don gani ko ji) sun ɓace.
Gabaɗaya, ƙungiyoyin kula da lafiya har yanzu suna da matsalolin da ba a warware su ba, gami da yadda za a fi amfani da tsarin jikinsu da yadda za a rarraba marasa lafiya.Amma ana iya magance waɗannan matsalolin.Abu mai mahimmanci shi ne cewa telemedicine yana da kuma zai ci gaba da ba wa mutane daraja mai girma.
“Za mu ga ci gabanta ne kawai.Har yanzu akwai abubuwa da yawa da za a koya, amma wannan lokaci ne mai ban sha'awa. "Krumholz ya ce.
Sabunta Maris 1, 2021: An sabunta wannan labarin don yin la'akari da cewa Joseph Kovdal a halin yanzu shine shugaban Ƙungiyar Telemedicine ta Amurka.
Future Tense abokin tarayya ne na Slate, New America da Jami'ar Jihar Arizona, wanda aka sadaukar don binciken fasahar da ke tasowa, manufofin jama'a da al'umma.
Slate ya dogara da talla don tallafawa aikin jarida.Idan kuna darajar aikinmu, da fatan za a musaki mai hana tallan ku.
Ta hanyar shiga Slate Plus, zaku goyi bayan aikinmu kuma ku sami keɓaɓɓen abun ciki.Kuma ba za ku sake ganin wannan sakon ba.
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Lokacin aikawa: Maris-02-2021